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Big Bang Postscript

Lee, Param, Michio, Neil and Andrei

Horizon – Before the Big Bang

In the last 10 years, cosmology has experienced a remarkable turnaround. From insisting that there was nothing at all before the big bang, most researchers now concede that there must have been something. But understanding what that something was and how it worked, means that cosmologists are having to give up many of their most prized certainties.

Professor Lee Smolin

Lee Smolin “Whatever the fate of the ideas which are on the table now, about the big bang and before the big bang, it’s inconceivable to me that the universe really started at the big bang. Why? Because that would leave so many basic questions unanswered.”






Dr Param Singh

Param Singh “What I certainly believe in is that the big bang is just a very small event in this whole history of the universe. And I think that itself is a big paradigm change. Once we start thinking about things before big bang, and we work on these theories, maybe very soon we’ll find the answer to how it all started.”





Professor Michio Kaku

Michio Kaku “My parents were Buddhists. In Buddhism there is no beginning, there is no end. There is just Nirvana. But as a child I also went to Sunday school, where we learned that there was an instant where God said, ‘Let there be light’. So I’ve had these two mutually contradicting paradigms in my head. Well, now we can meld these two paradigms together into a pleasing whole. Yes, there was a Genesis. Yes, there was a big bang, and it happens all the time.”



Professor Neil Turok

Neil Turok “I’m open to almost any philosophical point of view, as long as it works, and I want her theory that’s ultimately tested by data and confirmed that this is the way the world works.”



The story of cosmology is a quest for the ultimate truth, but one where crazy notions like the big bang sometimes turn out to be correct. For a while, at least.

Its characters are men and women who defend their theories as passionately as any priest… who believe it is their calling to answer questions that there once thought to be unknowable.

Professor Andrei Linde

Andrei Linde “If you are not brave enough to ask strange questions, if you’re not brave enough to believe your own answers even if they are unbelievable, then, well, OK, so you live your life, but then it is not completely fulfilled. If you take courage to answer questions in not necessarily the ways which other people expect you. Sometimes you just end up saying stupid things. Sometimes you end up saying something maybe wise.”