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Singularity

First Moment in Time

Horizon – Before the Big Bang

Professor Lee Smolin
Professor Lee Smolin

Down the corridor from Param Singh is the office of Lee Smolin. But Professor Smolin rarely uses it. He’s more usually to be found doing his thinking elsewhere. For him, the very idea of “everything from nothing” – the so-called “singularity” – points to a lack of understanding.

Lee Smolin “I strongly, strongly believe that there was a period before the big bang that the singularity was eliminated. To me, the singularity is not an indication that there was a first moment of time – it’s an indication that general relativity is an incomplete theory. It’s general relativity shouting at us, screaming at us, “I am not the end.” There is more to understand.”

In his bid to further his own understanding of the cosmology, Professor Smolin has cast his scientific net wide. And, though he shares a lot of ground with Param Singh, and even Andrei Linde, his interpretation of what happened before the big bang owes more to Charles Darwin than to Albert Einstein.

Lee Smolin “the idea works by analogy to know how biology works. It says that the universe has an ancestor, which is another universe. How is the universe born from the ancestor? According to this hypothesis, universe was born inside of a black hole. A black hole is a star which collapses, where everything becomes infinite and time stops. There is a bounce inside of every black hole. The material contracts and contracts and contracts again and then begins to expand again. And that is the big bang which initiates a new region of the universe.”

The Cycle of Time
The Cycle of Time
Professor Lee Smolin
Professor Lee Smolin

Smolin’s natural selection idea proposes that for a universe to prosper, it must reproduce. And for that to happen it must contain black holes, that according to Smolin, spawn offspring universes.

Lee Smolin “Before the big bang was another universe much like our own. In that universe there was a big cloud of gas and dust. It collapsed to form a big massive star, that star exploded, it left behind a black hole, and in that black hole there was a region, if you are misfortune enough to fall in, you would find it becoming denser and denser and denser. You wouldn’t survive this, but let’s imagine you did. And all of a sudden, it would explode again and that would be our big bang.”

It is a beguilingly simple, and controversial combination of two of the greatest scientific breakthroughs of the modern age.

Lee Smolin “I think that the theoretical evidence is moving towards this idea. And that’s good. That gives me some confidence for the future.”

Professor Smolin is convinced that the big bang was not the beginning. And until his theory of cosmological natural selection is conclusively proven, he’s committed to pursuing all avenues that might provide answers to what came before.

Lee Smolin “I think the only way to keep going in this business is to go under the assumption that tomorrow’s idea will be the best one so far. So I’m trying!”